Dog age calculator

Dog years to human years — worked out properly, by size, not by the ×7 rule.

Size when fully grown

10–23 kg · 21–50 lb

In human yearsMature adult
39

A 5-year-old medium dog is about as old as a 39-year-old person. DNA-based estimate: 57.

Three answers to one question

Ask how old a dog is “in human years” and you'll get three different methods. Drag across the chart to see where they agree — and where the ×7 rule goes badly wrong.

The vet chart (red) is what most vets use: about 15 human years for the first year, 9 for the second, then 4 to 7.5 a year depending on size.

The DNA formula (blue) comes from measuring epigenetic ageing in Labradors. It says puppies age extremely fast and old dogs barely at all.

×7 (dashed) undersells puppies and oversells old dogs.

204060801001200246810121416

Dog's age in years (drag the chart) → human-equivalent years ↑

  • Vet chart (medium dog)39
  • DNA-ageing formula57
  • The ×7 myth35

Dog years chart

Dog ageSmallMediumLargeGiant
115151515
224242424
328293032
432343639
536394247
640444854
744495462
848546069
952596677
1056647284
1160697892
1264748499
13687990107
14728496114
157689102122
168094108129

Questions

Is one dog year really seven human years?

No. The ×7 rule is a myth from the 1950s. Dogs mature very fast in the first two years — a one-year-old dog is roughly like a 15-year-old human — then age more slowly, at a rate that depends on size.

Why do big dogs age faster?

Large and giant breeds reach adulthood at a similar pace to small dogs but then age faster, which is why a Great Dane is senior at 6 while a Chihuahua may not be until 10 or later.

Which dog-age formula is most accurate?

For everyday use, the size-based vet chart is the most practical. The DNA-based formula (16 × ln(age) + 31) came from a 2020 study of Labrador retrievers and is interesting, but it was not validated across all breeds.

How old is a 1-year-old dog in human years?

About 15 human years — roughly a teenager. By two, a dog is around 24 in human terms regardless of size.

When is my dog considered a senior?

Roughly at 10 for small dogs, 8 for medium, 7 for large and 6 for giant breeds. Vets often suggest twice-yearly check-ups from then on.

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